Ap Biology Chapter 16 and 17 Review Questions

• 1.

  For a couple of decades, biologists knew the nucleus independent DNA and proteins. The prevailing opinion was that the genetic material was proteins, and not Deoxyribonucleic acid. The reason for this belief was that proteins are more circuitous than Deoxyribonucleic acid.  This is considering

  • A.

    Proteins accept a greater variety of iii-dimensional forms than does Deoxyribonucleic acid.

  • B.

    Proteins have two different levels of structural organization; Deoxyribonucleic acid has iv.

  • C.

    Proteins are fabricated of twenty amino acids and DNA is made of four nucleotides.

  • D.

    Just A and C are correct.

  • E.

    A, B, and C are correct.

• 2.

  In his transformation experiments, Griffith observed that

  • A.

    Mutant mice were resistant to bacterial infections.

  • B.

    Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic grade.

  • C.

    Mixing a heat-killed nonpathogenic strain of leaner with a living pathogenic strain makes the pathogenic strain nonpathogenic.

  • D.

    Infecting mice with nonpathogenic strains of leaner makes them resistant to pathogenic strains.

  • E.

    Mice infected with a pathogenic strain of bacteria tin can spread the infection to other mice.

• 3.

  What does transformation involve in bacteria?

  • A.

    The creation of a strand of Deoxyribonucleic acid from an RNA molecule

  • B.

    The creation of a strand of RNA from a DNA molecule

  • C.

    The infection of cells by a phage Dna molecule

  • D.

    The type of semiconservative replication shown by Deoxyribonucleic acid

  • E.

    Absorption of external Deoxyribonucleic acid into a jail cell

• iv.

  Avery and his colleagues purified various chemicals from pathogenic leaner and showed that ________ was (were) the transforming agent.

  • A.

    Dna

  • B.

    Protein

  • C.

    Lipids

  • D.

    Carbohydrates

  • Due east.

    Phage

• 5.

  Tobacco mosaic virus has RNA rather than Dna every bit its genetic material. In a hypothetical situation where RNA from a tobacco mosaic virus is mixed with proteins from a related DNA virus, the consequence could be a hybrid virus. If that virus were to infect a jail cell and reproduce, what would the resulting "offspring" viruses be like?

  • A.

    Tobacco mosaic virus

  • B.

    The related DNA virus

  • C.

    A hybrid: tobacco mosaic virus RNA and protein from the DNA virus

  • D.

    A hybrid: tobacco mosaic virus poly peptide and nucleic acid from the Deoxyribonucleic acid virus

  • Eastward.

    A virus with a double helix made up of i strand of Dna complementary to a strand of RNA surrounded by viral poly peptide

• half-dozen.

  The following scientists fabricated meaning contributions to our agreement of the structure and function of Deoxyribonucleic acid. Identify the scientists' names in the correct chronological order, starting with the first scientist(s) to make a contribution.     I.    Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod     II.    Griffith     III.    Hershey and Chase     IV.    Meselson and Stahl     5.    Watson and Crick

  • A.

    V, IV, Two, I, 3

  • B.

    Ii, I, Iii, V, Iv

  • C.

    I, Ii, Iii, V, IV

  • D.

    I, II, V, IV, 3

  • Eastward.

    II, III, IV, V, I

• vii.

  Afterward mixing a oestrus-killed, phosphorescent strain of bacteria with a living not-phosphorescent strain, you discover that some of the living cells are now phosphorescent. The best evidence that the power to fluoresce is a heritable trait would be an observation that

  • A.

    Dna passed from the heat-killed strain to the living strain.

  • B.

    Protein passed from the heat-killed strain to the living strain.

  • C.

    The phosphorescence in the living strain is especially bright.

  • D.

    Descendants of the living cells are also phosphorescent.

  • E.

    Both Deoxyribonucleic acid and poly peptide passed from the heat-killed strain to the living strain.

• 8.

  In trying to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic material, Hershey and Hunt made use of which of the following facts?

  • A.

    Deoxyribonucleic acid does non contain sulfur, whereas poly peptide does.

  • B.

    Dna contains phosphorus, but protein does not.

  • C.

    DNA contains nitrogen, whereas poly peptide does not.

  • D.

    A and B just

  • East.

    A, B, and C

• 9.

  For a science fair project, two students decided to echo the  Hershey and Chase experiment, with modifications. They decided to characterization the nitrogen of the Deoxyribonucleic acid, rather than the phosphate. They reasoned that each nucleotide has only one phosphate and 2 to 5 nitrogens. Thus, labeling the nitrogens would provide a stronger signal than labeling the phosphates. Why won't this experiment work?

  • A.

    At that place is no radioactive isotope of nitrogen.

  • B.

    Radioactive nitrogen has a half-life of 100,000 years, and the cloth would be too unsafe for too long.

  • C.

    Meselson and Stahl already did this experiment.

  • D.

    Although there are more than nitrogens in a nucleotide, labeled phosphates really accept 16 extra neutrons; therefore, they are more radioactive.

  • East.

    Amino acids (and thus proteins) also have nitrogen atoms; thus, the radioactivity would not distinguish betwixt DNA and proteins.

• x.

  When T2 phages infect leaner and make more viruses in the presence of radioactive sulfur, what is the result?

  • A.

    The viral DNA volition be radioactive.

  • B.

    The viral proteins will exist radioactive.

  • C.

    The bacterial Dna will exist radioactive.

  • D.

    Both A and B

  • Due east.

    Both A and C

• 11.

  Cytosine makes upward 38% of the nucleotides in a sample of Deoxyribonucleic acid from an organism. Approximately, what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine?

  • A.

    12

  • B.

    24

  • C.

    31

  • D.

    38

  • E.

    It cannot be determined from the data provided.

• 12.

  Chargaff'due south analysis of the relative base composition of Dna was meaning because he was able to prove that

  • A.

    The relative proportion of each of the four bases differs from species to species.

  • B.

    The human genome is more complex than that of other species.

  • C.

    The amount of A is always equivalent to T, and C to G.

  • D.

    Both A and C

  • E.

    Both B and C

• 13.

  All of the following can be determined directly from 10-ray diffraction photographs of crystallized DNA except the

  • A.

    Diameter of the helix.

  • B.

    Helical shape of Dna.

  • C.

    Sequence of nucleotides.

  • D.

    Spacing of the nitrogenous bases forth the helix.

  • Eastward.

    Number of strands in a helix.

• fourteen.

  The Deoxyribonucleic acid double helix has a compatible diameter because ________, which have two rings, always pair with ________, which take ane band.

  • A.

    Purines; pyrimidines

  • B.

    Pyrimidines; purines

  • C.

    Deoxyribose sugars; ribose sugars

  • D.

    Ribose sugars; deoxyribose sugars

  • E.

    Nucleotides; nucleoside triphosphates

• 15.

  What kind of chemical bond is found between paired bases of the Deoxyribonucleic acid double helix?

  • A.

    Hydrogen

  • B.

    Ionic

  • C.

    Covalent

  • D.

    Sulfhydryl

  • East.

    Phosphate

• 16.

  Which of the following statements does non apply to the Watson and Crick model of Deoxyribonucleic acid?

  • A.

    The two strands of the DNA class a double helix.

  • B.

    The distance between the strands of the helix is uniform.

  • C.

    The framework of the helix consists of saccharide-phosphate units of the nucleotides.

  • D.

    The two strands of the helix are held together by covalent bonds.

  • E.

    The purines form hydrogen bonds with pyrimidines.

• 17.

  It became apparent to Watson and Crick later on completion of their model that the DNA molecule could carry a vast amount of hereditary information in its

  • A.

    Sequence of bases.

  • B.

    Phosphate-sugar backbones.

  • C.

    Complementary pairing of bases.

  • D.

    Side groups of nitrogenous bases.

  • E.

    Dissimilar five-carbon sugars.

• 18.

  In an analysis of the nucleotide composition of DNA, which of the following is true?

  • A.

    A = C

  • B.

    A = G and C = T

  • C.

    A + C = Thousand + T

  • D.

    G + A = T + C

  • Eastward.

    Both C and D

• 19.

  Which of the following statements is false when comparison prokaryotes with eukaryotes?

  • A.

    The prokaryotic chromosome is circular, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes are linear.

  • B.

    Prokaryotic chromosomes take a single origin of replication, whereas eukaryotic chromosomes have many.

  • C.

    The rate of elongation during Dna replication is higher in prokaryotes than in eukaryotes

  • D.

    Prokaryotes produce Okazaki fragments during DNA replication, only eukaryotes do non.

  • Due east.

    Eukaryotes have telomeres, and prokaryotes practise non.

• xx.

  The strands that make up Deoxyribonucleic acid are antiparallel. This means that

  • A.

    The twisting nature of Dna creates nonparallel strands.

  • B.

    The five' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand.

  • C.

    Base pairings create diff spacing between the ii DNA strands.

  • D.

    One strand is positively charged and the other is negatively charged.

  • E.

    Ane strand contains only purines and the other contains simply pyrimidines.

• 21.

  Suppose one were provided with an actively dividing culture of Eastward. coli bacteria to which radioactive thymine had been added. What would happen if a cell replicated once in the presence of this radioactive base?

  • A.

    One of the daughter cells, but not the other, would take radioactive Deoxyribonucleic acid.

  • B.

    Neither of the 2 daughter cells would be radioactive.

  • C.

    All iv bases of the Dna would be radioactive.

  • D.

    Radioactive thymine would pair with nonradioactive guanine.

  • E.

    Dna in both girl cells would exist radioactive.

• 22.

  

  In the late 1950s, Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium containing "heavy" nitrogen  (15N) and and so transferred them to a medium containing 14N. Which of the above results would be expected after one Deoxyribonucleic acid replication in the presence of 14N?

• 23.

  Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a Dna strand in the v'  3' direction?

  • A.

    Primase

  • B.

    Deoxyribonucleic acid ligase

  • C.

    Deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase

  • D.

    Topoisomerase

  • E.

    Helicase

• 24.

  

  A space probe returns with a civilisation of a microorganism institute on a distant planet. Analysis shows that it is a carbon-based life-class that has DNA. You grow the cells in 15N medium for several generations so transfer them to 14N medium. Which design in Figure 16.ane would yous wait if the DNA was replicated in a conservative mode?

• 25.

  What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

  • A.

    The particular Dna polymerase catalyzing the reaction

  • B.

    The relative amounts of the four nucleoside triphosphates in the cell

  • C.

    The nucleotide sequence of the template strand

  • D.

    The primase used in the reaction

  • Eastward.

    Both A and D

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Source: https://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=chapter-1617-test-ap-biology

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